Eccentric: In steam engine technology, part of the valve gear used by
some designs to give motion to the valve. It may best be described as an
auxiliary crank.
Elevation: An angle in the vertical plane through a longitudinal
axis; height above mean sea level, usually of terrain.
Emergency Application: An application resulting from an emergency rate
of brake pipe reduction, on a train, which causes the brakes to apply quickly
and with maximum braking force for the shortest practical stopping distance.
Engine, Steam: The portion of a steam railway locomotive which
consists of the cylinders, valves, valve gear and connecting rods. Put
another way, it is that portion of the locomotive which provides the drive.
The equivalent in a road vehicle would be the engine and gearbox. The word
'engine' is often misused to mean the whole locomotive.
Equal Protection Clause: Portion of the Fourteenth Amendment to the
U.S. Constitution that prohibits discrimination by state government
institutions. The clause grants all people "equal protection of the
laws," which means that the states must apply the law equally and cannot
give preference to one person or class of persons over another.
Equitable Remedies: Remedies that do not include monetary settlements.
Examples include injunctions and restraining orders.
Evidence: The body of law concerning the manner of presentation of
information to a judge or jury in a trial.
Exhaust Steam Injectors: First introduced in the UK about 1876.
The use of exhaust steam to assist the work of injectors allowed some fuel
savings over the pure live steam injector. BR class H, J, H/J and K types of
exhaust steam injectors are all basically similar. Two controls are
provided in the cab, a water regulator and a steam valve. The water
regulator handle has a "sector" to denote the position of the valve.
The valve itself is part of the injector body mounted outside the cab - often
under it.
Exhibit: Any piece of physical evidence used at a trial.
Expansion: A given amount of steam will naturally attempt to expand
into a space. If that space is a cylinder occupied by a piston, the steam
will push the piston until it can expand no further. In a steam engine,
the steam is admitted into the cylinder for a time until the supply is cut off.
The admission of steam pushes the piston until the admission is cut off, after
which time the steam naturally expands and continues to push the piston.
The two phases are known as 'admission' and 'expansion'. The point at
which admission stops and expansion commences is known as cut off.
Ex Parte: Latin that means "by or for one party." Refers to
situations in which only one party (and not the adversary) appears before a
judge. Such meetings are often forbidden.
Expert: A witness who may give an opinion in court based on the
particular competence of that witness.
Expressway: On the East Coast, an expressway is the catchall term for
a grade separated limited access highway.
