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TOXIC TORTS GLOSSARY |
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Glossary of Toxic
Torts Terms
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National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants: Emission standards set by EPA for an air pollutant not covered
by NAAQS that may cause an increase in deaths or serious, irreversible, or
incapacitating illness. Primary standards are designed to protect human health,
secondary standards to protect public welfare.
National Priorities List: EPA's list of
the most serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites identified for
possible long-term remedial action under Superfund. The list is based primarily
on the score a site receives from the Hazard Ranking System. EPA is required to
update the NPL at least once a year. A site must be on the NPL to receive money
from the Trust Fund for remedial action.
Negligence: Failure to exercise the care
toward others which would reasonably be expected of a person in the
circumstances, or taking action which a reasonable person would not.
Neoplasm: An abnormal growth or tissue, as
a tumor.
Neuro-toxicity: Exerting a destructive or
poisonous effect on nerve tissue.
Nitrification: The process whereby ammonia
in wastewater is oxidized to nitrite and then to nitrate by bacterial or
chemical reactions.
Nitrogen Dioxide: The result of nitric
oxide combining with oxygen in the atmosphere; major component of photochemical
smog.
Non-Attainment Area: Area that does not
meet one or more of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for the criteria
pollutants designated in the Clean Air Act.
Non-Binding Allocations of Responsibility:
Process for EPA to propose a way for potentially responsible parties to allocate
costs among themselves.
Non-Conventional Pollutant: Any pollutant
which is not a statutorily listed or which is poorly understood by the
scientific community.
Non-Point Source: Diffuse pollution
sources (i.e., without a single point of origin or not introduced into a
receiving stream from a specific outlet). The pollutants are generally carried
off the land by storm water. Common non-point sources are agriculture, forestry,
urban, mining, construction, dams, channels, land disposal, saltwater intrusion,
and city streets.
Non-Potable: Water that is unsafe or
unpalatable to drink because in contains objectionable pollution, contamination,
minerals, or infective agents.
Nutrient Pollution: Contamination of water
resources by excessive inputs of nutrients. In surface waters, excess algal
production is a major concern.
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