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TOXIC TORTS GLOSSARY |
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Glossary of Toxic
Torts Terms
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B
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I
J K
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Land Ban: Phasing out of land disposal of
most untreated hazardous wastes.
Land Disposal Restrictions: Rules that
require hazardous wastes to be treated before disposal on land to destroy or
immobilize hazardous constituents that might migrate into soil and ground water.
Landfill Gas: Gas that is produced when
organic waste materials naturally decompose in a municipal solid waste landfill.
Landfill gas is approximately 50 percent methane, the primary component of
natural gas, and 50 percent carbon dioxide. Landfill gas can be collected and
used as a fuel for heating or generating electricity.
Landfill: A method for final disposal of
solid waste on land. The refuse is spread and compacted and a cover of soil
applied so that effects on the environment (including public health and safety)
are minimized. An industrial landfill disposes of non-hazardous industrial
wastes. A municipal landfill disposes of domestic waste including garbage,
paper, etc. This waste may include toxins that are used in the home, such as
insect sprays and powders, engine oil, paints, solvents, and weed killers.
Latency Period: The period from initial
exposure to a substance to the onset of the disease.
Leachate: Liquid that collects
contaminants as it percolates through or drains from solid waste, pesticides or
fertilizers. Leachate often contains suspended or dissolved waste materials and
may occur in farming areas, feedlots, and landfills. Leaching may result in
hazardous substances entering surface water, ground water, or soil if it is not
controlled.
Lead (Pb): A heavy metal that is hazardous
to health if breathed or swallowed. Its use in gasoline, paints, and plumbing
compounds has been sharply restricted or eliminated by federal laws and
regulations.
Level of Concern: The concentration in air
of an extremely hazardous substance above which there may be serious immediate
health effects to anyone exposed to it for short periods
Lifetime Exposure: Total amount of
exposure to a substance that a human would receive in a lifetime (usually
assumed to be 70 years).
Low-Level Radioactive Waste: Wastes less
hazardous than most of those associated with nuclear reactor; generated by
hospitals, research laboratories, and certain industries. The Department of
Energy, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and EPA share responsibilities for
managing them.
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