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IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION LEGAL GLOSSARY |
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Glossary of Immigration and Naturalization Terms
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Cancellation of Removal: A discretionary benefit
adjusting an alien’s status from that of deportable alien to one lawfully
admitted for permanent residence. Application for cancellation of removal is
made during the course of a hearing before an immigration judge.
Certificate of Citizenship: Identity document proving
U.S. citizenship. Certificates of citizenship are issued to derivative citizens
and to persons who acquired U.S. citizenship
Chargeability: The independent country to which an
immigrant entering under the preference system is accredited for purposes of
numerical limitations.
Child: Generally, an unmarried person under 21 years of
age who is: a child born in wedlock; a stepchild, provided that the child was
under 18 years of age at the time that the marriage creating the stepchild
relationship occurred; a legitimated child, provided that the child was
legitimated while in the legal custody of the legitimating parent; a child born
out of wedlock, when a benefit is sought on the basis of its relationship with
its mother, or to its father if the father has or had a bona fide relationship
with the child; a child adopted while under 16 years of age who has resided
since adoption in the legal custody of the adopting parents for at least 2
years; or an orphan, under 16 years of age, who has been adopted abroad by a
U.S. citizen or has an immediate-relative visa petition submitted in his/her
behalf and is coming to the United States for adoption by a U.S. citizen.
Citizenship: The country in which a person is born (and
has not renounced or lost citizenship) or naturalized and to which that person
owes allegiance and by which he or she is entitled to be protected.
Civil Surgeon: A medically trained, licensed and
experienced doctor practicing in the U.S. who is certified by the U.S.
Citizenship and Immigration Service. These medical professionals receive U.S.
immigration-focused training in order to provide examinations as required by the
Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the USCIS.
Conditional Resident: Any alien granted permanent
resident status on a conditional basis, who is required to petition for the
removal of the set conditions before the second anniversary of the approval of
his or her conditional status.
Crewman: A foreign national serving in a capacity
required for normal operations and service on board a vessel or aircraft.
Crewmen are admitted for twenty-nine days, with no extensions. Two categories of
crewmen are defined in the INA: D1, departing from the United States with the
vessel or aircraft on which he arrived or some other vessel or aircraft; and D2,
departing from Guam with the vessel on which he arrived.
Cuban/Haitian Entrant: Status accorded 1) Cubans who
entered illegally or were paroled into the United States between April 15, 1980,
and October 10, 1980, and 2) Haitians who entered illegally or were paroled into
the country before January 1, 1981. Cubans and Haitians meeting these criteria
who have continuously resided in the United States since before January 1, 1982,
and who were known to Immigration before that date, may adjust to permanent
residence under a provision of the Immigration Control and Reform Act of 1986.
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